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Many live picture satellite instruments on board.

Many scientific fundamentals operate in order to give us the live picture satellite illustration we see on news programs. On this map weather satellite simulations show us moving clouds and such. The following physical science articles say why the technology is so complex.

Satellite Photo

The Physics Articles:

Physics tip #1 - Everything gives off electromagnetic radiation.

Physics tip #2 - Each body emits a range (spectrum) of
wavelengths, which are used in the live picture satellite animations.

Physics tip #3 - There is one peak wavelength that an object radiates stronger than all others. That value depends on the object's temperature.

Physics tip #4 - Most items reflect light and other radiation that from elsewhere and strikes them.

Physics tip #5 - Bodies also block radiation, absorb light and other energies and create shadows. Nevertheless, they usually let some wavelengths through; each barrier is different.

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Bright Line Spectrum and Temperature

Generally speaking, the higher the unit's temperature, the smaller the most prominent wavelength. The hot sun temperatures, at thousands of degrees, give off a broad range of light spectrum wavelengths with a peak intensity at around half of one-millionth of a metre about 0.5 µm.

Graph



At the same time the earth's temperature ranges of 50 below or colder to the hot desert mountains and plains, for instance Northern Australia’s climate at 100°F/40°C and above have emission spectrums with longer wavelengths peaking around 11 µm. An electromagnetic spectrum chart is available to look at electromagnetic spectrum wavelengths.

The live picture satellites are equipped with devices to measure both ranges. Spectrum visible sensors look at sunlight reflected by the surface and clouds while infra-red IR antennas give us a satellite picture from space using terrestrial IR spectrums, including those emanating upward from clouds. We then get detailed cloud photos, moving cloud pictures and specialty cloud pics.

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Electromagnetic Radiation Shielding

The atmosphere lets the sun's radiation through readily,
but naturally blocks various wavelengths of the earth's outgoing radiation. This phenomenon has been misnamed the green house effect leading to global warming and has been increasing due to the burning of wood, paper and fuels as well as other atmospheric emissions. Therefore, live picture satellite technology detects radiation escaping through window regions, wavelengths such as those near 11 µm which are not stopped by the atmosphere.

Because computers can assign temperature conversions to each IR intensity and create a comprehensive live picture satellite imagery becomes good for identifying clouds.

Also if a camera designed to detect 6.7 µm is used, it shows where water vapour is present because water vapour is present because water vapor absorbs this wavelength.

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